1) The Mongol Empire, under the leadership of Genghis Khan, became the largest contiguous empire in history, spanning from Asia to Europe.

2) The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945 with the goal of promoting peace, security, and cooperation among nations through diplomatic and political means.

3) The first commercial GPS (Global Positioning System) was launched in 1989 and provided accurate positioning and navigation capabilities to users worldwide.

4) The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century revolutionized the spread of knowledge and played a key role in the Renaissance.